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--- studenti:mihita_cvitanovic:knowledge_representation_technologies:logic_based_representation [2012/05/31 13:33]
mcvitanovic [Bibliography]
+++ studenti:mihita_cvitanovic:knowledge_representation_technologies:logic_based_representation [2023/06/19 16:21] (trenutno)
@@ Redak 3: / Redak 3: @@
 ===== About logic-based representation =====
-Natural language - very expressive - characteristics - but..disadvantages:
+**Natural language** is the most **expressive** knowledge representation formalism we have. However, it is hard to model and reasoning becomes very complex. The other **problems with natural language** are **ambiguity** of natural language, **understanding** of syntax and semantics, and **little uniformity** in the structure of sentences.
-logic - to overcome that
+**Logic** was developed as an attempt to overcome the problems with natural language by creating a **formal language** based on mathematical principles. Logic-based representation should be **expressive, unambiguous, context independent, and compositional**. Logic-based representation requires the following concepts to be defined [1]:
+  * **Vocabulary**: a collection of symbols represented as chars, words, icons, or even sounds.
+  * **Syntax**: a logic must have grammar rules that determine how symbols combine to form well-formed sentences.
+  * **Semantics**: it is necessary to make meaningful statements. It comprises a theory of reference that determines how the constants and variables relate to things in the universe of discourse. Moreover, it also includes a theory of truth to distinguish true statements from false.
+  * **Inference**: carried out by rules that determine how patterns are generated from others. Appropriate inference rules allow reasoning mechanisms automation and, thus, the generation of new knowledge from previous one.
+===== Technologies =====
-characteristics
+==== First-order predicate logic ====
-requirements: vocabulary...
+First-order logic is a formal system used in mathematics, philosophy, linguistics, and computer science. It is also known as first-order predicate calculus, the lower predicate calculus, quantification theory, and predicate logic (a less precise term). First-order logic is distinguished from propositional logic by its use of **quantified variables**.
-===== Technologies =====
+===== Tools =====
-first order predicate logic
+==== Prolog ====
-===== Tools =====
+==== Other tools ====
-prolog
-other tools
 ===== Bibliography =====
@@ Redak 25: / Redak 28: @@
   - [[http://rhizomik.net/html/~roberto/thesis/html/KnowledgeRepresentation.html|Roberto García. A Semantic Web Approach to Digital Rights Management]]. Retreived April 28, 2012.
 ===== Read more =====
+  - [[http://www.scarpaz.com/2100-papers/Logics/9-baader97logicbased.pdf|Franz Baader. Logic-based Knowledge Representation]]
+  - H. Reichgelt. "Knowledge representation: an AI perspective". Ablex Pub. Corp., 1991
+  - [[http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~mooney/cs343/slide-handouts/fopc.4.pdf|University of Texas at Austin: First Order Predicate Calculus]]

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